Amino acids feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj los npaj cov amino acid infusions thiab ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj polypeptide. Muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas amino acids siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, suav nrog 22 protein- tsim cov amino acids thiab tshaj 100 uas tsis yog-protein- tsim cov amino acids.
Cov kev npaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau cov amino acids ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus niaj hnub no thiab cov txheej txheem kev noj zaub mov, ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg mob hnyav thiab cawm lawv txoj sia, ua rau lawv cov khoom lag luam tsis tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub.
Glutamic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, L-DOPA, thiab lwm yam amino acids tuaj yeem siv rau tus kheej los kho ntau yam kab mob, feem ntau kab mob siab, kab mob plab, encephalopathy, kab mob plawv, thiab kab mob ua pa, nrog rau kev txhim kho cov leeg nqaij, kev noj zaub mov zoo rau menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov amino acid derivatives tau pom cov lus cog tseg hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov Khoom Siv Lub Neej
Proteins yog cov khoom siv hauv lub neej; lub neej yog ib daim ntawv ntawm cov protein muaj nyob. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov protein yog cov amino acid. Ib qho tsis txaus ntawm cov amino acid tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis zoo, cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv ib txwm, thiab thaum kawg ua rau muaj kab mob. Txawm tias qhov tsis txaus ntawm qee yam uas tsis yog - amino acids tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob metabolic. Piv txwv li, arginine thiab citrulline yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim urea; Kev noj cov cystine tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis insulin thiab nce ntshav qab zib. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov xav tau ntawm cystine thiab arginine nce ntxiv tom qab raug mob; ib qho tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev tsim cov protein ntau txawm tias muaj lub zog txaus.
Cov neeg laus xav tau cov amino acids tseem ceeb yog kwv yees li 20% -37% ntawm cov protein xav tau. Amino acids ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov zaub mov; Qee qhov yog cov tshuaj tsw qab, qee qhov yog cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj zog, thiab qee qhov txhim kho tsw, thiab lwm yam.
1. Cov saj ntawm Amino Acids Feem ntau cov amino acids muaj ib tug saj, pab rau flavors xws li qaub, qab zib, iab, thiab astringent nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Tryptophan tsis yog - lom thiab qab zib heev; nws thiab nws cov derivatives yog cog lus sweeteners. Qee cov dej tsawg dua - cov amino acids soluble muaj ib tug iab saj thiab yog cov khoom ntawm protein hydrolysis thaum ua zaub mov.
Glutamic acid feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag cov proteins thiab tuaj yeem tau los ntawm hydrolyzing nplej gluten. Glutamic acid muaj ob qho tib si qaub thiab umami flavour, nrog rau qaub yog qhov tseem ceeb saj. Thaum neutralized zoo nrog alkali, nws tsim monosodium glutamate (MSG); Tom qab ntsev tsim, qaub saj ntawm glutamate ploj, thiab umami tsw intensifies. MSG yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm monosodium glutamate, siv dav siv umami enhancer.
2. Ib qho ntawm Precursors of Flavor Cov carbonyl-amine cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov amino acids thiab qab zib yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov aroma thiab xim hauv kev ua zaub mov. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, qee cov amino acids thiab qab zib tau noj, tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab. Amino acids kuj tuaj yeem decompose thaum cua sov los tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab, los yog tawg los ntawm cov kab mob los tsim tawm - cov tshuaj tsw qab. Yog li ntawd, amino acids yog precursors rau tsw tebchaw thiab kuj as-ham rau cov kab mob spoilage.